Thursday, 16 September 2010

Article - baby deaths in France





Frenchwoman 'admits smothering eight newborn babies'

Undated picture of Dominique Cottrez Dominique Cottrez is being detained while the investigation continues

A woman in northern France has admitted killing her eight newborn babies but said her husband knew nothing about it, the prosecutor in the case has said.

Dominique Cottrez has been placed under investigation over the deaths, which happened between 1989 and 2006. Her husband has been freed without charge.

Mr Cottrez had initially faced investigation for allegedly concealing the bodies and not reporting crimes.

Related stories

Mrs Cottrez, 47, faces charges of the voluntary homicide of the babies.

Being placed under investigation is the first stage of criminal proceedings that can lead to charges.

The prosecutor had requested the charges of failing to report the killings and hiding the bodies against Mr Cottrez, but the prosecutor said the investigating magistrate in the case had ruled against this.

Wrapped in plastic

The remains were found in the village of Villers-au-Tertre, near the northern city of Lille, on Wednesday.

At the scene

Christian Fraser

Dominique Cottrez was house proud. Her garden is a picture: there are no clues here - save for the police tape on the windows - to the macabre secret she was hiding in the garage of her tiny cottage.

The prosecutor says she is now facing eight counts of murder and a possible life sentence.

Mrs Cottrez was an active member of the community, a familiar figure known to all as the doting grandmother.

But she had smothered the first of these eight children in 1989, the last in 2006.

She never wanted any more children, she told police and, even though she is a care assistant, she claims she was too fearful of doctors to ever request contraception.

Police with sniffer dogs searched two houses in the quiet commuter village after the new owners of a house called them following the discovery of remains in the garden.

The house belonged to the parents of the arrested woman.

Police then conducted searches in another house in the village - that of the arrested couple - where the bodies of more babies were found.

Mrs Cottrez said she was fully aware of her pregnancies, but that she did not want any more children and did not want to see a doctor for contraception, the prosecutor in the case said at a news conference.

"This is a case outside of the norms given the number of newborns," he added.

Mrs Cottrez said that after a first difficult birth because of her heavy weight, she did not want to see any more doctors. She was alone in her pregnancies and while giving birth, the prosecutor said.

The remains found in the first house were wrapped in plastic bags, while the other six bodies were found in the garage of the second house wrapped in hermetically sealed plastic bags, hidden under a variety of objects.

The births of the eight babies were said to have taken place between 1989 and 2006-07, the prosecutor said, although further tests will be able to determine the exact dates.

Mr Cottrez said he had never noticed his wife's pregnancies because of her heavy weight, and had no idea she had been getting rid of the babies at birth, the prosecutor said.

Daughters speak

The couple have two grown-up daughters and grandchildren.

Map of key locations in Villers au Tertre

The two unnamed daughters, aged 21 and 22, told regional newspaper La Voix du Nord that they could not understand what had happened.

The younger of the two said: "We never noticed anything. She had her moments of weariness, it's true, but she worked nearly 24 hours a day between her job as a home help and her housework."

The eldest recalled how her mother had helped at the birth of her son: "She was there at the delivery with me, she was the one who carried him and wrapped him... We both had tears in our eyes."

Multiple infanticides in France

  • 2010, Nord region: Dominique Cottrez confesses to killing eight of her babies
  • 2010, Lower Normandy: Celine Lesage jailed for killing six of her babies
  • 2003, Alsace: Remains of four babies found in bags in forest - at least three had same parentage; parents not found
  • 1984, Limousin: Jean-Pierre Leymarie and his wife Rolande jailed for killing seven of their babies

Both daughters added that they hoped their mother would get psychological help. "She must feel relieved now that she has nothing left to hide," said one.

Mrs Cottrez is a care worker while Mr Cottrez works for a construction company and is a member of the local council.

"He's on his third term in office. He used to volunteer in the community. He's a respectable man," local mayor Patrick Mercier told reporters earlier on Thursday.

The BBC's Christian Fraser in Paris says France has had a string of cases in recent years involving the deaths of newborn babies.

In March, a mother confessed to killing six of her newborn children and hiding them in the cellar of her house in north-west France.

In 1984 a couple in Correze, central France, were jailed for killing seven of their newborn infants over a period of seven years.

In Germany in 2006, Sabine Hilschenz was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the manslaughter of eight of her newborn babies. A ninth baby also died, but too long ago to allow a prosecution

Article of baby deaths

An article from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1277678/Child-mortality-total-Britain-worst-Western-Europe.html

The shame of baby deaths in Britain: Child mortality total is the worst in Western Europe

By Jenny Hope
Last updated at 8:03 AM on 12th May 2010

The number of deaths among children under five is worse in Britain than anywhere else in Western Europe as women delay motherhood and lead unhealthy lives.

Researchers say 4,324 under fives died in the UK in 2008, which was 'way ahead' of the number in France, Germany and Italy.

More than half of the children died within the first four weeks of life and many of the deaths were preventable, according to their report.

Baby asleep

More than half of the children died within the first four weeks of life and many of the deaths were preventable, according a report. (Posed by model)

Experts say poor antenatal care and a rapid rise in premature births was largely to blame.

Delayed motherhood and soaring rates of obesity among pregnant women are linked to premature births, according to the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

The report, published today in The Lancet medical journal, looks at global death rates in children under five.

Two-thirds of the 8.8million deaths were caused by infectious diseases.

But the UK had the highest number of deaths in this age group in Western Europe - a 'difference that cannot be solely accounted for by population size', says The Lancet.

The UK, with a population of around 61million, had 4,324 deaths in children under five in 2008, while France had 3,090 deaths in a population of 64million.

In Germany, with a population of 82million, there were 2,943 deaths, while Italy recorded 2,350 deaths in a population of 60million.

But Turkey, with a population of 73million, had almost 30,000 deaths of under-fives.

The total death rate in the UK was 'very small' in the global context, says the study by scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, in Baltimore, Maryland, and the World Health Organisation.

Fifty-five per cent of deaths in under-fives in the UK were in babies during the neonatal period - the first four weeks of life.

The report shows pre-term birth complications were the largest cause of death (36 per cent) followed by congenital abnormalities (26 per cent) and birth asphyxia (7 per cent).

There has been a surge in pregnancy among women in their 30s, while almost one in four women in the UK is obese and a further third are overweight.

Professor Siobhan Quenby, of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, said: 'There are many reasons why the neonatal death rate in the UK is higher than in other countries in Western Europe. It is related to an increased rate of pre-term birth.

'Over the last few years, we have seen an increase in the numbers of pregnant women with risk factors such as older mothers, maternal obesity and multiple pregnancies through fertility treatment; all of which are associated with pre-term labour.'

Antenatal tests to check the health of the unborn baby are usually carried out at clinics in GP surgeries or hospital, although some offer a midwife home-visiting service.

But women living in poorer areas or who are at high risk often do not attend appointments regularly, which can lead to problems going unnoticed.

Tim Burton

I really enjoy the work of Tim burton. He creates these freaky characters but lovable all the same. I mainly like how the use of the sewing theme is used. How they look like they have been sewn up. How they are like dolls performing.





The credits on Caroline are really quite amazing. Draws you in straight away. Throughout most of the film, you dont know what is going.It is about this paralel universe where everybody has clones. ?The opening credits are really interesting. It shows a doll being undone, unravelled and unstuffed and then reassembled. The doll maker is seen using needles for fingers.







I do like the idea of making a doll out of sharp objects. Sharp objects are usually what makes the doll. It swaps the whole material process around.



Just a few finished pieces from my first year at Uni

Below, I created this character using oil paints. Im looking at the fantasy world. Good and bad. It has religious conotations in. It uses symbology and refereces to the Religious stories. For example and snake being eaten by the peacock. The tree in the background, the fruit on the table. The winged creature. The peacock head sybolising many things also but represent luck in many cultures, grace etc. so it is a miz between belief, good, evil, religion etc.
Below are characters i also created for the narrative. I followed on from my sculpture rotation of the chair legs falling, bundled together. Ripped away from the chairs.


Below, is another wounded chair leg. Quite figurative!


This is where my inspiration came from for the paintings. These are chaor legs and copies of chair legs with wax and a rubber moulding material. I was experimenting with materials and looked at making lace as a starter idea. I did it on a grander scale and wanted the piece to travel by knotting all the strings together.





Below is an installation from an encounter ( can see on previous blog). It was holes in a dark hideout - that you could look through, if you wanted to. The holes didnt look like it was part of the work even though it was. So some people may not have found out about the holes. Some people may have discovered them. I like this idea of discovery. Finding something out. The hole acts as a trace, behind the hole is the work. But the hole is also the work.

Below is another installation i had done about 'escaping'. We went camping away from any social commitment, away from society. When we came back, we wanted to create this space so we can escape to it when we wanted to and allow others to discover it. This also comes under our 'encounterism' manifesto. It was in a cuboard so was hard to find. We left envelopes around with directions to get there and that i guess was the trace for it. It had sound, smell, a very small torch ligh, dark, confined space. We wanted it dark to allow the viewer to use their imaginations. We also left our diaries in the space and what we drank and ate.


Below are the dolls I made and left them around for people to find. There were 10 of each. A little me and a little friend for me.I wanted people to discover them.


Below, is the work all together for assessment. I have written about this on a previous blog named 'Reflecting back on the lost works'. It is displaying all the encounterisms we had done in that term.











Sunday, 12 September 2010

V&A - Doll Face 3rd Sept - 2nd January

I will be visiting this gallery on this Saturday

Doll Face at the V&A , 3rd Sept 2010 - 2nd January 2011



An intriguing series of photographic portraits of dolls from the Museum of Childhood's collection,
exploring the changing representations we as people make of ourselves, by photographer Craig Deane.

Craig explains, "As a portrait and still-life photographer I am interested in the representation of the human form; mankind's desire to make images and objects in its own likeness is as old as the hills and I am particularly interested in exploring the evolving representations we have made of ourselves (and given to our children to play with) as illustrated by the broad spectrum of dolls held in the 8,000-strong collection at the Museum".



National Gallery exhibition

Close Examination - Fakes, Mistakes and Discoveries. 30th June - 12th Sept



I went to see this exhibition last month and found it quite interesting. Not only do I want to go into restoration in the future,, the fact that after all these year, discoveries are being made. They have been hidden for many years - not wanting to be revealed. Changes to paintings have been made and paint pigments suggest the years it was changed, cracks in the paint. Many clues including x-rays and swab testing. It feels like they are solving crimes that haven't been solved in years. This is what i enjoy. The traces left behind by the convicts, hoping never to be caught. It is these 'traces' i am interested in. If i leave something now of myself, or of something, i could create history in a hundred years time, resurrecting myself or objects or other people? There is that discovery that is exciting. Putting the clues together to figure something out. to ask questions, maybe not finding the answers until later on the life.

Joel-Peter Witkin

Following on from looking at Doll parts, I discovered this photographer. With their severed limbs, i suppose they look llike mannequins sat there still with life. With the one below, still wearing socks and holding his palm upright. But no head. It has a life about it but its not there.

They are very surreal, unnatural images. The subject matter take on the role of dolls. As if they are not real. What is he photographing and how is it possible. They look like illustrations. The one below looks very much like an illustration which confuses me as most of his works are photographs.


But even the photographs look like illustrations. Perhaps they are? or perhaps they are not. Perhaps we think they are because of what the image is? It is too surreal, how can you photograph this? Photographs take exact copies of the ting the camerea points at. How can you photograph something so surreal unless it is really there? This questions what is real and not real. What is alive, and what is dead? are they actors or are they real with make-up and a clever angle on the camera or are they severed body parts posing in a still life?

After reading more about Joel-Peter Witkin, I found that he does use some corpses in his work. He plays with them like dolls, but like real people. He props them up in certain positions and created this new story about them, like children play with their barbies and create a life for and story for them.


He tells a story on the website about how he found this body in Mexico and how it changes. From this 'punk' to a man being judges. to a man with body parts. He is not known to Witkin. He talks about how his brain could have had evil thoughts but now, they are bing judges with a different prescence. and when he photographs the body, he describes it as a Saint. As elegant, Grace. Amazing how the body changes when the soul is no longer there. When the soul goes to another place, it reflect this on the body?
It sort of reminds me of Polly Morgans work with the animals. This whole life and death context to the works. This whole reality and fantasy. Waht is real? What does real mean? Goes back to belief. i believe we do have a soul and a body just holds it. the spirit continues when the body dies.
A doll is just a body. a casing without the soul. Yes - it is a handmade body. we cannot make the soul and this is why theare dolls and how they can never really be lifelike? or can they? When you put your own soul into making something, is it transferred into it? Some people say that that is what art is, allowing your soul to be free from this world. Expressing it. Can an object really have a soul?